Introduction: Diabetes is the most common chronic disease in Iran and countries across the world. The most important causes of mortality and complications in this disease are impaired compliance and reduced quality of life resulting in the unfulfillment of the associated needsRoy’s adaptation model can help improve the level of compliance, thereby facilitating a better control of the disease and enhancement of the quality of life. Regarding this, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of nursing intervention based on "Roy’s adaptation model" on adaptation dimensions in diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 48 diabetic patients referring to the Diabetes Clinic of Zabol, Iran, in 2016. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups of intervention (n=23) and control (n=25). The intervention group was subjected to an educational-supportive intervention based on the "Roy’s adaptation model" for 10 weeks. Four weeks after the end of the intervention, the two groups were compared with each other. The data were collected by means of a demographic information form, review and knowledge form of Roy, and questionnaire of adaptation strategies. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software using the descriptive statistics, independent and paired sample t-tests, as well as Chi-square test. P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: According to the results, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of non-adaptive behaviors, namely self-perception, self-efficacy, independence, and dependence. However, after the intervention, the intervention groups showed a significant decrease in the aforementioned non-adaptive behaviors, compared to the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusion: Roy’s adaptation model as an effective intervention can be helpful in the improvement of adaptation, health status, and quality of life in patients with type II diabetes mellitus.