Introduction:

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine diseases worldwide. The use of insulin has special significance in order to control blood sugar. Self-care insulin therapy is associated with knowledge of how to apply insulin. That is the most important action in self-care by these patients. So, this study was conducted to determine self-care insulin injection in adults with type1 diabetes who were referred to Zahedan diabetes clinic.

Methodlogy: This study was of descriptive –analytical type, carried out on 80 adults with type 1 diabetes. A questionnaire was used for collecting demographic data and patient's knowledge and a checklist was used for the practice of self-care insulin therapy. Data were compared using descriptive and analytic statistics. Self- care (knowledge and practice) patients were defined so that favorable knowledge: score 16-20, Average knowledge: 10-15, Poor knowledge: 0-9 and favorable practice: 12- 15, average practice: 8-11, poor practice: 0-8.

Results: The participants’ favorable knowledge was 23.75%, while the average knowledge was 63.75% and poor knowledge was 12.5% .In addition, 71.25% have favorable practice, 23.5% have average practice and 12.5% have poor practice. There were no significant statistical difference between demographic data and the causes' knowledge and performance, considering the usage of insulin.

Conclusion: Regarding the self-care important are for the treatment of diabetes and the fact that most patients in this study had average knowledge of insulin injection, we recommend that research centers of diabetes should pay attention to knowledge about diabetes.