� Introduction : Diabetes is one of the most common chronic metabolic diseases. Health literacy is beyond one&rsquos reading and writing knowledge and refers to making appropriate health decisions by patients. Self-efficacy is one&rsquos understanding of his/her ability to control his/her behaviors and behavioral outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between health literacy and self-efficacy in patients with type II diabetes, referring to the diabetes clinic of Gorgan, Iran.

� Materials and Methods : In this descriptive, correlational study, 100 diabetic patients were selected via convenience random sampling in 2014. Data were collected using questionnaires on demographic characteristics, health literacy and self-efficacy. Data were analyzed by descriptive (e.g., mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistical tests (e.g., linear regression analysis, multiple regression and analysis of variance).

� Results : Health literacy and self-efficacy scores of the participants were 86.7�21.9 (borderline) and 18.7�6.139 (moderate), respectively. There was a significant relationship between health literacy and educational level (P=0.01), occupational status (P= 0.02) and access to information (P=0.01). Moreover, there was a significant relationship between self-efficacy and educational level (P=0.01), occupational status (P=0.001) and access to information (P=0.04). Also, health literacy and self-efficacy were significantly associated (r=0.72 and P<0.01).

� Conclusion : Health literacy and self-efficacy in diabetic patients contribute to health prediction in these individuals. The importance and necessity of health literacy and self-efficacy in educational interventions for diabetic patients have highlighted the need for attention to these issues for promoting self-care in patients.