Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh, Masume Hemmati Moslek, Vagihe Baghi,
Volume 1, Issue 2 (Winter 2014)
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity is a
chronic disease and a public health problem that in some studies,
is introduced as an important risk factor for catching sleep apnea. The present
study has sought to investigate the relationship between obesity, body mass
index and sleep apnea in patients with
type II diabetes.
Methodology: This
cross-sectional study was conducted in 1389 on 100 diabetic patients referred
to the Diabetes Unit of saghez city using available easy sampling. Patients'
height, weight, waist circumference and blood pressure were studied. Using the
Berlin questionnaire, patients were divided into high and low risk for sleep
apnea groups. Data were analyzed by
SPSS software (Version 18) using
descriptive statistics, independent t-test and Chi
square and. P value was less than 0.05 and it was considered as statistically
significant
Results: 46 diabetic
patients (52.6% of males and 44.4% women) were at high risk for sleep apnea.
There was a significant association between obesity and sleep apnea
(p<0.002). After controlling the variables,i.e., waist circumference and blood
pressure, sleep apnea risk in obese patients was 4 times the other patients
(95%CI:1.45-11.19, p<0.007). There was a significant association between
sleep apnea and hypertension (p<0.002).
Conclusion: The body, mass
index and sleep apnea in patients with type II diabetes are related.
Alireza Ebadi, Sina Homaee, Soheila Sadeghi, Mahmoud Dehghani-Ghorbi, Tahereh Sabaghian, Farnaz Saberian,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (10-2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Type II diabetes is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence, imposing substantial costs on patients due to medical care needs. This study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin in preventing the progression from prediabetes to type II diabetes in an Iranian population.
Materials and Methods: This randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted among individuals with prediabetes enrolled in the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (1) the metformin group (metformin along with standard dietary and physical activity advice), (2) the intensive lifestyle group (targeted weight loss >7% and physical activity >150 minutes/week), and (3) the control group (placebo plus standard recommendations). Patients were followed for one year. A significance level of p < 0.05 was considered.
Results: The independent t-test showed a statistically significant difference in mean A total of 181 participants were enrolled, and 89 completed the one-year follow-up (metformin group: 26; intensive group: 31; placebo group: 32). There were no significant differences in baseline anthropometric or demographic variables among the groups. In the intensive group, significant reductions were observed in systolic blood pressure, two-hour plasma glucose, and plasma insulin levels (all p < 0.05). In the metformin group, significant reductions in diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol, and body weight were noted, along with a significant increase in HDL levels—greater than in the other groups (all p < 0.05). None of the interventions led to significant changes in fasting blood glucose, LDL, or triglyceride levels. Interestingly, the greatest weight reduction was observed in the metformin group. At the end of the study, none of the participants in the intensive group progressed to diabetes, indicating the most favorable outcome.
Conclusion: While both metformin and lifestyle modifications were effective in delaying the onset of type II diabetes, lifestyle intervention was significantly more effective. Both interventions performed significantly better than placebo.
