Journal of
Diabetes Nursing
Volume 13, Issue 1 (2-2025)
J Diabetes Nurs 2025, 13(1): 2580-2598 |
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Research code: IR.ATU.REC.1402.081
Ethics code: IR.ATU.REC.1402.081
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Ataei nakhaei A, Rafezi Z, Borjali A, Asgari M. Investigating the Effectiveness of the Educational Program Based on Two Approaches of the Behavior Change Wheel and Nudge on Improving Self-Care Behaviors of Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Nurs 2025; 13 (1) :2580-2598
URL: http://jdn.zbmu.ac.ir/article-1-661-en.html
URL: http://jdn.zbmu.ac.ir/article-1-661-en.html
Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran. , afezi.zohreh@atu.ac.ir
Abstract: (377 Views)
Introduction: Gestational diabetes is the most common medical complication during pregnancy that requires self-care. Despite the importance of following self-care behaviors in reducing the risks of complications on the mother and fetus, women with gestational diabetes are the most challenging group in following medical and self-care instructions. Therefore, in order to control this disease and minimize the risk of complications in the mother and fetus, the present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an educational program based on two approaches of the behavior change wheel (BCW) and the nudge on improving self-care behaviors of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a semi-experimental study with a pre- and post-test design and follow-up with a control group in Mashhad City, Iran. A total of 38 eligible pregnant women with diabetes were selected who referred to the women's clinics of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2024 through convenience sampling, and were randomly assigned to two groups of 19 people, experimental and control groups. Data collection was conducted using the Diabetes Self-Care Questionnaire. The experimental group received the educational program in the form of group sessions (6 sessions of 120 minutes) and mobile phone application and SMS. SPSS software and mixed-variance and Bonferroni statistical tests were used for data analysis.
Results: The effect of group and time and effect of time and group on self-care were significant (P < 0.05). The interaction effect of time and group was also significant on the mean self-care scores at three times, between the experimental and control groups, and led to an improvement in the self-care of the experimental group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the mean scores of self-care in the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up stages were significantly lower than the pre-test (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between the two post-test and follow-up stages (P = 0.378), which indicated the persistence of the effectiveness of the educational program.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, an educational program based on the BCW and nudge approaches along with common treatments for gestational diabetes can improve self-care in pregnant women with diabetes.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a semi-experimental study with a pre- and post-test design and follow-up with a control group in Mashhad City, Iran. A total of 38 eligible pregnant women with diabetes were selected who referred to the women's clinics of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2024 through convenience sampling, and were randomly assigned to two groups of 19 people, experimental and control groups. Data collection was conducted using the Diabetes Self-Care Questionnaire. The experimental group received the educational program in the form of group sessions (6 sessions of 120 minutes) and mobile phone application and SMS. SPSS software and mixed-variance and Bonferroni statistical tests were used for data analysis.
Results: The effect of group and time and effect of time and group on self-care were significant (P < 0.05). The interaction effect of time and group was also significant on the mean self-care scores at three times, between the experimental and control groups, and led to an improvement in the self-care of the experimental group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the mean scores of self-care in the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up stages were significantly lower than the pre-test (P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between the two post-test and follow-up stages (P = 0.378), which indicated the persistence of the effectiveness of the educational program.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, an educational program based on the BCW and nudge approaches along with common treatments for gestational diabetes can improve self-care in pregnant women with diabetes.
Keywords: Educational program, Behavior change wheel approach, Nudge, Self-care behaviors, Gestational diabetes mellitus.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2025/03/8 | Accepted: 2025/06/9 | Published: 2024/10/31
Received: 2025/03/8 | Accepted: 2025/06/9 | Published: 2024/10/31
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