---

Introduction: Metabolic control is a collection of tests and studies related to diabetes performed on a daily basis for 2 to 3 months. Self-efficacy means the belief of an individual in him/herself to successfully perform a particular behavior and expect the associated results. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between metabolic control and self-efficacy in diabetic patients in Qom, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a total 325 patients with type II diabetes who referred to Diabetic Community in Qom through simple random sampling. Demographic information and standard self-efficacy in diabetic management questionnaires were used in this study. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) data sheet was used based on the last 3-month test results. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20) using descriptive indices and analytical tests.
Results: The obtained results of this study showed that there was a significant reverse correlation between the mean score of self-efficacy with the mean scores of FBS and HbA1c. There was also a significant difference in self-efficacy scores in terms of gender (P<0.05). According to the results, self-efficacy showed predictive power of FBS and HbA1C reported as 22% and 18%, respectively.
Conclusion: The obtained results of this study showed that self-efficacy was at a moderate level among the patients. The levels of FBS and HbA1c did not indicate the optimal control of diabetes. It should be noted that there was a significant reverse correlation between self-efficacy with FBS and HbA1c, indicating that FBS and HbA1c levels decrease with the increase of self-efficacy score.

---

Introduction: Mothers are typically the primary caregivers for children with type 1 diabetes, a role that significantly impacts their lives. Since spirituality has been identified as a key dimension of self-care, this study aimed to determine the effect of self-care training based on mothers' spirituality on the metabolic control of children with type I diabetes.
Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 70 mothers of children with type I diabetes were selected and randomly assigned to two groups: an intervention group (35 participants) and a control group (35 participants). Data were collected using a demographic profile questionnaire and by measuring metabolic control indicators, including glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), triglycerides, and cholesterol levels.
Results: The independent t-test showed a statistically significant difference in mean glycosylated hemoglobin scores between the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention. However, after controlling for pre-test scores using ANCOVA, no statistically significant difference was observed in the average glycosylated hemoglobin levels between the intervention group (7.65 to 7.04) and the control group (7.24 to 6.63).Similarly, the average triglyceride levels in the intervention group changed from 85.46 ± 14.58 to 85.46 ± 16.46, and in the control group from 83.51 ± 29.06 to 83.86 ± 24.81. Cholesterol levels in the intervention group changed from 178.66 ± 10.67 to 178.49 ± 11.64, while in the control group, they shifted from 174.17 ± 11.39 to 175.61 ± 12.51. However, the independent t-test did not reveal a statistically significant difference in triglyceride or cholesterol scores between the two groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The spiritual self-care educational intervention improved the ability of mothers to oversee the metabolic control of their children with type 1 diabetes in a sample of the Iranian population. However, the findings suggest that mothers likely require more comprehensive support than what was provided in this study. Solely offering spiritual support appears insufficient. Therefore, holistic support systems addressing the multifaceted needs of these mothers are necessary to enhance their caregiving roles effectively.