---

 

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most important health, and economical-social problems all over the world. The increase of patients suffering diabetes and its complications has led to a reasonable programming and allocating proper funds to this matter. Since it is a chronic disease, it can impose heavy costs on health and medical services system. So, the knowledge about prevalence of the disease and average blood sugar of society is important for estimating the probability of the disease, and it allows preventive and curing actions. The fasting hyperglycemia usually implies the diabetes and there is a direct relationship between the chronic diabetes complications and blood sugar level. So, this study investigates the prevalence of diabetes and the average fasting blood sugar level, in the six areas covered by WHO.

 

Methodology: In this epidemiologic study, the row information from WHO^,s website in 2012, about the diabetes prevalence and average fasting blood sugar level, have been investigated and evaluated.

 

Results: In the rate of hyperglycemia prevalence is 10.35% through the world. It has the highest prevalence in Easter meditraniar (12.34%) and the lowest prevalence in south eastern-Asia (8.5%). Besides, it is more prevalent in women than men. Also, the average fasting blood sugar level in 2008 was 5.5 mmol/L for a healthy person (it was higher in men women (5.4<5.5) this level has increased compared 23 years ago (5.3mmol/L).

 

Conclusion: Regarding the fast rate of diabetes prevalence all over the world, and especially the eastern meditranian, the education about the controllable risk factors of disease and preventive ways is highly needed. From among the educational tasks, change of lifestyle, proper nourishment, and proper actions can be named.

 

---

 

Introduction: Diabetes is the most common metabolic disease. Studies have shown that early detection and proper treatment of acute and chronic complications of Diabetes can be prevented .We conducted this epidemiologic study to determine the risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes in Kashmar, to prevent the disease and its complications

 

Methodology: This cross-sectional study, were carried on 400 patients with type 2 diabetes (200 women and 200 men) who referred to internal clinic of Moddares Hospital in Kashmar respectively. Questionnaire was used and other data were collected. Height and weight measured using with standard methods and BP was measured twice using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer in the sitting position. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software.

 

Results: The means of age, weight and blood pressure of subjects, were 57.19, 79.51 and 134.71 respectively. We found significant relation between complications, and factors such as smoking,( p=0.005), physical activity, (p=0.000), hypertension, (p=0.000), obesity, (p= 0.009), and aspirin taking (p=0.000).

 

Conclusion: The results showed, there are many amendable risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. It appears that preventing of disease and its complications, is based on the training of healthcare workers, patients, their families and finally community. Also individuals are at risk for diabetes should be screened to live more and have a healthy and better life.

 

---

Introduction: Patients with a history of gestational diabetes have a greater susceptibility to recurrence in subsequent pregnancies, as well as a higher risk of developing glucose intolerance and, of course, type 2 diabetes in the future. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of diabetes and glucose intolerance disorder in patients with gestational diabetes in the postpartum period in Iran.
Materials and Methods: The he following databases were searched for all the published articles: Irandoc, Iranmedex, SID, Magiran, Scopus, as well as Google search engine using the keywords of diabetes, gestational diabetes, pregnancy, type II diabetes, pregnancy diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and epidemiology. The study data was entered the STATA statistical software and was analyzed. The forest plot was used to demonstrate the results of the meta-analysis.
Results: A number of 6497 participants within the age range 18-45 years from 6 studies were assessed in the current study.  According to the results of the meta-analysis, the prevalence rate of postpartum diabetes in 6497 patients with a history of gestational diabetes (9.4%) and a confidence interval of 95% was obtained at 9.0 -10.0.
Conclusion: Postpartum Glucose Metabolism Disorders are common in women with gestational diabetes. Therefore, the cases of gestational diabetes should be initially screened, identified, and treated during pregnancy to prevent fetal complications. Thereafter, these mothers need to be followed up in the postpartum period to identify diabetes and glucose intolerance and prevent and treat these disorders.
 

---

Introduction: Diabetes has emerged as one of the major health challenges of recent decades, placing a significant economic burden on societies worldwide. Early identification of individuals at risk is crucial for effective disease prevention and control. In this context, the present study aims to assess the risk of developing type 2 diabetes among adults in Malayer County, using the Finnish Diabetes Risk Scale (FINDRISC) questionnaire.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2012 on 333 individuals (184 women and 149 men) aged 18 years and older in Malayer County. The research tool utilized was the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) questionnaire, comprising eight items: age, BMI, waist circumference, history of antihypertensive drug treatment, history of high blood sugar, family history of diabetes, daily fruit or vegetable consumption, and daily physical activity. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 software at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The study identified 105 participants (31.5%) as being at risk for developing type II diabetes. The results revealed statistically significant relationships between several factors—age, BMI, waist circumference, history of antihypertensive drug treatment, history of high blood sugar, family history of diabetes, daily physical activity, and daily fruit or vegetable consumption—and the risk of type II diabetes
(P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant relationships were found between gender or level of education and the risk of developing the disease (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The findings demonstrate a significant relationship between individual factors and the risk of developing type II diabetes. Addressing medical factors such as a history of antihypertensive drug treatment, family history of diabetes, and high blood sugar, as well as controlling modifiable factors like BMI through lifestyle changes, can play a critical role in reducing the incidence of type II diabetes within the community.