Introduction: Diabetes is the most common metabolic disease. Studies have shown that early detection and proper treatment of acute and chronic complications of Diabetes can be prevented .We conducted this epidemiologic study to determine the risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes in Kashmar, to prevent the disease and its complications

Methodology: This cross-sectional study, were carried on 400 patients with type 2 diabetes (200 women and 200 men) who referred to internal clinic of Moddares Hospital in Kashmar respectively. Questionnaire was used and other data were collected. Height and weight measured using with standard methods and BP was measured twice using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer in the sitting position. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software.

Results: The means of age, weight and blood pressure of subjects, were 57.19, 79.51 and 134.71 respectively. We found significant relation between complications, and factors such as smoking,( p=0.005), physical activity, (p=0.000), hypertension, (p=0.000), obesity, (p= 0.009), and aspirin taking (p=0.000).

Conclusion: The results showed, there are many amendable risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. It appears that preventing of disease and its complications, is based on the training of healthcare workers, patients, their families and finally community. Also individuals are at risk for diabetes should be screened to live more and have a healthy and better life.

  Introduction : Diabetes is among the most important metabolic diseases, affecting 171 million people, worldwide. The number of people affected by diabetes is estimated to reach up to 366 million until 2030. Magnesium (Mg) is a co-factor for many enzyme reactions in the body and contributes to the oxidation and metabolism of carbohydrates and insulin activation. The current study aimed to evaluate serum Mg level in patients with type 2 diabetes and identify the contributing factors.

  Methodology : In this descriptive, analytical (cross-sectional) study, 60 patients with type 2 diabetes, referring to the diabetic clinic and internal ward of Amir-al-Momenin Hospital of Zabol, were evaluated. The subjects were selected via accessible sampling, and written informed consents were obtained. Data were gathered, using interviews and a researcher-made checklist. Blood samples were taken for evaluating Mg and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA₁c). Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied, using SPSS software. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant (confidence interval=95%).

  Results : The mean Mg level in patients with type 2 diabetes was 1.76±0.43 (mg/dl), and the mean HbA₁c was 8.51±1.60 %. There was a significant relationship between Mg level and HbA₁c (P=0.01). More over, Mg level was significantly correlated with patients’ gender. However, no statistical relation was observed between Mg level and other variables such as age, educational level, body mass index, economic status, blood pressure, or systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

  Conclusion : As the results indicated, the mean Mg concentration in diabetic patients was lower than the normal level (1.8–2.5 mg/dl). Considering the statistical relation between Mg concentration and HbA₁c, more attention should be paid to integrating Mg in the diet of diabetic patients, and the patients should be informed about magnesium-rich sources.

Introduction: There has been a growing interest in spirituality, considering the role of this human dimension in the process of patient recovery. This study aimed to determine the relationship between spiritual health and glycemic control in type II diabetic patients.

Methodology: In this descriptive, correlational study, 50 diabetic patients, admitted to Imam Musa Ibn Jafar Hospital, were recruited via convenience sampling in Quchan, Iran in 2014. Data were collected, using the spiritual well-being scale by Ellison & Levin. Venous blood samples were obtained for measuring the patients' fasting blood sugar level. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test and Pearson's correlation test were performed, using SPSS version 18.

Results: The mean score of spiritual health was 169.160, which indicates the high level of spirituality among patients. The results of Pearson's correlation test demonstrated a significant relationship between spiritual health and type II diabetes.

Conclusion: In this study, the scores of spiritual health were not significantly different among patients with controlled and uncontrolled blood glucose. It is suggested that nurses consider cultural, spiritual and religious factors, which may affect glycemic control in the treatment of diabetic patients. Further case-control studies with a larger sample size are required to evaluate the effects of other factors such as educational level and age on glycemic control.

Introduction: Gestational diabetes is the most common medical disorder during pregnancy that result in maternal and neonatal complications.this study was to evaluate the BMI demographic variables in pregnant women with gestational diabetes were performed.

Methodology: In this cross-sectional study of 363 pregnant women who had 24 to 28 week of gestation referred to Zabol health centers� And history of diabetes before pregnancy, termination of pregnancy before 24 weeks administration of drugs effecting glucose metabolism such as steroids and patients who have chronic liver disease, glandular and connective tissue disorders were studied. Information on the objectives of the study were collected using a questionnaire.

Results: 17 cases or 4/7 percent� Of all subjects, were diagnosed with gestational diabetes Among the risk factors surveyed� maternal age, body mass index with increased risk of gestational diabetes (p <0/05) . there was no statistically significant relationship Between occupation, education level with gestational diabetes.

Conclusion: High and low maternal age and BMI can contribute to complications of pregnancy, Thus pregnancy in women with older age and abnormal weight should be considered as a high-risk pregnancy Special care in order to prevent the occurrence of this complication.

Introduction: Gestational diabetes is the most common medical disorder during pregnancy. Presence or diagnosis of any glucose intolerance during pregnancy is defined as gestational diabetes. Monitoring and treatment of gestational diabetes during pregnancy are essential to the prevention of maternal and neonatal complications. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gestational diabetes among pregnant women in Zabol city, Iran.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 363 pregnant women with gestational age of 24-28 weeks referring to the healthcare centers of Zabol city, Iran in 2015. Pregnant women with history of diabetes before pregnancy, pregnancy termination before week 24 of gestation, use of medications affecting glucose metabolism (e.g., steroids), and chronic liver, endocrine, and connective tissue disorders were enrolled in this study. Required data were collected using researcher-made questionnaires. To measure blood glucose before and one/two hours after glucose use, 75-gram glucose tolerance test was performed on the pregnant women with no history of diabetes and gestational age of 23-24 weeks. Gestational diabetes was defined in the presence of one of the following factors: fasting blood sugar≥92 _mg/dl, one-hour glucose≥180 _mg/dl, and two-hour glucose≥153 _mg/dl.

Results: Out of 363 pregnant women, 17 cases (4.7%) were diagnosed with gestational diabetes. Among the studied risk factors, maternal age and body mass index were observed to be associated with higher risk of gestational diabetes (P<0.05). However, no statistically significant correlations were found between the employment status, education level, and history of hypertension with gestational diabetes.

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, prevalence of gestational diabetes was at an average rate among the pregnant women in Zabol city. Therefore, it is recommended that selective monitoring be performed on this population based on the risk factors of the disease.

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the major and real stress in life that is controlled by a Several factors Including the behavioral factors, Mental disorder And reduce stress in patients can Person in self-help and better control of disease, so this study was to investigate the relationship between mental health and Self- Efficacy in diabetic patients.

Methodology: This study is a descriptive correlational study. 100 diabetic patients were selected by Simple random. Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (CIDS) and General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) were applied to obtain data. To analyze the data, in addition to descriptive statistics, inferential statistical analyses including Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test and linear regression analysis were performed using SPSS.

Results: The findings of this study showed a significant correlation between Self-Efficacy and mental health of diabetic patients (P<0.0001, r= -0.68). The linear regression results showed that mental health predicts 34 % of variance in Self-Efficacy.

Conclusion: The results indicated that increased mental health improves Self-Efficacy of the diabetic patients which, in turn, aides individuals to encounter their problems.

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the major stressors in life and lack of control led to inappropriate social behaviors such as aggression. Having mental health and reduce stress in healthier patients can communicate person in the community  and thus receive better health care help, Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and aggression in patients with diabetes type II..

Methodology: This study is a descriptive correlational study. 150 patients were randomly chosen, Perceived Stress Scale (PSQ) and and Aggression Questionnaire of Buss & perry were applied to obtain data. To analyze the data, in addition to descriptive statistics, inferential statistical analyses including Pearson correlation coefficient and t-test were performed using SPSS.

Results: The results showed a significant  positive correlation between perceived stress and aggression of diabetic patients (P = 0.001, r = 0.66). That will enhance the perceived stress score, score increases aggression.

Conclusion: short-term and long-term programs in order to identify stressors and strengthen coping skills, can patients for the prevention and control aggression and ultimately receive better health care, be considered as a target.

Introduction: Gestational diabetes is a common complication during pregnancy, affecting maternal and fetal outcomes. Considering the increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes around the world, in the present study, we aimed to assess fetal and maternal outcomes in pregnant diabetic women.

Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, 85 women with gestational diabetes (gestational age > 28 weeks), admitted to the maternity ward, were enrolled, along with 160 women with a normal pregnancy, who met the inclusion criteria (i.e., no history of diabetes, chronic diseases, endocrine disorders, or steroid use). By using a questionnaire, the required information, i.e., demographic data, medical information, gestational age, Apgar score, and adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preeclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, postpartum hemorrhage, macrosomia, stillbirth, and hypoglycemia, was recorded. The gathered data were analyzed using SPSS.

Results: The mean age of diabetic and healthy mothers was reported to be 30.4±5.01 and 27.2±4.03 years, respectively; a statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (P<0.02). Also, the mean systolic and diastolic pressure, body mass index, and cesarean section were more prevalent in diabetic mothers (P=0.01); the two groups were significantly different in this regard. Furthermore, fetal complications such as macrosomia, stillbirth, and hypoglycemia were more common among diabetic subjects, compared to their healthy counterparts (P<0.01).

Conclusion: Among maternal and fetal complications, gestational hypertension and cesarean section were more common in diabetic cases. Also, fetal complications such as macrosomia, stillbirth, and hypoglycemia were more prevalent in newborns of diabetic women. Therefore, implementation of educational programs, screening of diabetic mothers, and attention to the associated complications seem essential. Overall, all these complications highlight the importance of gestational diabetes prevention.

Introduction: Diabetes is regarded as a metabolic disease and one of its characteristics is hyperglycemia, which could lead to fatal complications. One of the criteria for diagnosis and control of diabetes is measuring fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin. In addition, vitamin C can improve glucose tolerance. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of vitamin C on fasting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type II diabetes.

Methodology: This controlled clinical trial was conducted on 74 eligible samples, randomly divided into two groups of test and control. Firstly, fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c were measured, followed by the treatment of the test group with vitamin C pills for three months. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 19 using independent and paired t-tests.

Results: Evaluation of the final results revealed a significant decrease in biochemical markers in the control group, compared to the test group. In other words, a significant difference was observed between the study groups after the intervention.

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, vitamin C could reduce fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c in patients with type II diabetes through competition with glucose. This impact of vitamin C could be applied to control the pathogenic mechanism of protein glycation in diabetes after more accurate evaluations in this regard.

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders and the most prevalent medical condition in pregnancy. Gestational diabetes had adverse effects such as macrosomia, fetal abnormalities, birth defects, premature birth, unexplained stillbirth, and complications after birth. Diabetes is not curable, but it can be controlled. Dietary regimen is the first step in the management and treatment of diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of education based on health belief model on adherence to dietary regimen in pregnant women with gestational diabetes.

Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted on 70 pregnant women with gestational diabetes in 2015. The samples were selected through convenience sampling and randomly divided into two groups. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was completed in two stages of pre- and post-intervention. The obtained data was analyzed using SPSS.

Results: In the experimental group, the mean scores of awareness and components of health belief model significantly increased after the intervention (P<0.001). The mean performance score significantly increased after training (P<0.001).

Conclusion: This model has increased the perception of risk and benefits of behavioral change in pregnant women, which can eliminate obstacles and improve their performance regarding nutrition.

Abstract

Introduction: Type II diabetes is a non- communicable disease with silent epidemiology, which has physical, psychological, and social consequences. Patients’ quality of life is affected by their level of health literacy, as well as their perception and interpretation of receiving care services at the right time. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship of quality of life with health literacy in male patients with type II diabetes.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was of correlational design. The sample population consisted of all the men suffering from type 2 diabetes in Harsin, 170 of whom were selected through simple random sampling. The data collection tools were the Quality of life questionnaire (SF-36) and Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA). To analyze the data, Pearson product-moment correlation and multiple regression were performed.

Results: There was a significant positive relationship between health literacy and quality of life (P<0.01), that is, increased level of health literacy enhances quality of life from the physical, psychological, and social perspectives. In addition, quality of life and its aspects can predict 0.32 variance of accessibility, reading, perception, assessment, and decision-making of health literacy in patients with diabetes type II (P<0.01).

Conclusion: The findings emphasize on the fact that health literacy and its aspects are crucial for optimum quality of patients. Thus, mental health professionals should consider these two health elements.

Introduction: Diabetes is the most common endocrine disease in pregnancy that may cause fetal macrosomia, eclampsia and preeclampsia, preterm labor, abortion, dystocia, and perinatal mortality. Increased level of physical activity has a significant impact on reducing the complications of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise training on fasting blood sugar level in pregnant women with gestational diabetes.

Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, two groups of 30 pregnant women with gestational diabetes who were referred to health centers in Zabol, Iran, 2016, were randomly chosen through stratified sampling. The experimental group received eight 90-minute training sessions and those in the control group received the usual training. The data was collection before and after the intervention and analyzed using descriptive and inferential tests, including t-test, in SPSS.

Results: Before the intervention, the experimental and control groups were not significantly different in terms of mean blood glucose level. In the control group, mean blood glucose level was not significantly different before and after the intervention (P<0.05). However, after the intervention, the mean blood glucose level in the experimental group had significantly decreased compared to the control group (P<0.001).

Conclusion: It seems that physical activity is associated with increased uptake of glucose and insulin secretion in women with gestational diabetes. Standard physical exercises, with increased energy expenditure and oxygen consumption after exercise, can improve metabolic health in these people.

Introduction: The global prevalence of diabetes exceeded the estimated value of 30 million in 1985 and rose to 177 million in 2000. It is estimated that the total number of diabetic patients will increase to 439 million in 2030.

The therapeutic regimen is valuable in managing the type II diabetes patients. It seems that e-learning is essential for all the patients to guarantee the access to the instructions. Nowadays, multimedia instructions by using compact disks are deemed as a modern way of learning to convey the concepts in a broad sense.

Material and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 85 patients with type II diabetes referred to Shahid Qodsi health center in Mashhad, Iran. The samples were selected using convenience sampling method and they were placed in two groups, namely, the intervention and control groups who were educated by electronic and routine learning, respectively. The intervention period was considered to be two month. Data obtained by completing the questionnaire pre- and post-intervention and taking blood samples to measure the glycated hemoglobin. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 17, paired and independent t-tests, and repeated measures ANOVA.

Results: According to the results, the intervention group revealed a significant increment in average value of regimen compliance in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). After the end of intervention period, the mean and standard deviation of glycated hemoglobin were significant in both groups.

Conclusion: Regarding the results, e-learning has a great effect on adherence to the therapeutic regimen and reduction in costs and traffic. This procedure could be used with the least facilities and is affordable. Therefore, it is recommended to train the nurses and encourage them to use this method to educate the diabetic patients.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the main causes of mortality throughout the world, which is caused by defects in insulin secretion or function. Sleep loss can be both one of the complications of and risk factors for diabetes. Moreover, sleep impairment can lead to increased risk of diabetes and mortality in these patients. Complementary medicine, such as acupressure, is the most common non-pharmaceutical method of dealing with sleep loss. Regarding this, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of acupressure on sleep quality in the patients with diabetes mellitus.

Materials and Method: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 40 patients referred to the Diabetes Clinic in Zabol, Iran, using a single group and pre-post test design. The study population was selected through the purposive sampling method. After filling out the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the patients received the intervention for four weeks. The sleep quality index was competed again post-intervention. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS version 22.

Results: According to the results, the mean sleep quality score was 8.19±3.92 before the intervention, which was indicative of the poor quality of sleep in the participants. However, this value decreased to 2.15±4.17 at the post-intervention stage, which represented the improvement of sleep quality in the patients. The results demonstrated that the sleep quality score was significantly different in the patients between the pre- and post-intervention stages (P>0.05).

Conclusion: As the findings of the present study indicated, acupressure in Shen Men point could improve the sleep quality in the diabetic patients. Considering the prevalence and complications of sleep loss in the diabetic patients, it is recommended to use acupressure as a non-pharmaceutical intervention for the management of sleep disorders in these patients.

Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic heterogeneous disease, one of the characteristics of which is hyperglycemia that can cause fatal complications. One of the criteria for diagnosis and management of diabetes is fasting blood glucose measurement. Given the few side effects, the use of traditional herbs to control blood sugar has gained popularity during the recent years. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effect of dill (Anethum graveolens) tablet on the level of fasting blood sugar in patients with type II diabetes.

Materials and Method: This controlled clinical trial was carried out on 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The participants were selected through purposive sampling and randomly divided into intervention and control groups. Initially, fasting blood glucose was measured, and then the experimental group received dill tablet for six weeks. The obtained information was analyzed by independent and paired t-test in SPSS, version 21.

Results: The mean blood glucose level was not significantly different between the intervention and control groups; moreover, the control group was not significantly different before and after the intervention in this respect (P>0.05). However, after the intervention, the mean blood glucose level significantly diminished in the intervention group compared to the control group (P<0.001).

Conclusion: Given the significant reduction in fasting blood sugar in the intervention group, dill tablets can be recommended to diabetic patients to reduce the side effects of this disease.

Introduction: Type II diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases that

disrupts the regular flow of life and has important psychological consequences.

Muscle relaxation is associated with reducing mental stress and reducing the secretion

of stress hormones such as cortisol, and this technique can be used as an adjunct

therapy to reduce anxiety and thus control blood glucose in patients. Therefore, the

aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Benson's relaxation method on fasting

blood glucose in patients with type II diabetes.

Materials and Method: This study was a clinical trial. 80 subjects who participated

in this study were included in the study by objective sampling method and randomly

divided into two groups of test and control. Initially, the level of fasting blood glucose

was measured. The experimental group then participated in muscle relaxation training

for II months. After the end of the course, the level of fasting blood glucose was remeasured.

Data were analyzed by independent t-test and paired t-test using SPSS

version 23 software.

Results: According to the findings, there was no significant difference between the

mean fasting blood glucose and control group before intervention (p = 0.35). But after

the intervention, the mean biochemical index of the test group significantly decreased

compared to the control group (P = 0.001).

Conclusion: Considering the results of this study and the positive effect of Benson's

relaxation on the reduction of fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic patients, it is

suggested that necessary training for nurses such as nurses about relaxation techniques

and their effects should be provided.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease and can lead to serious

complications such as blindness, limb amputation, renal failure, and cardiovascular disease.

Gestational diabetes is diagnosed as impaired glucose tolerance for the first time during pregnancy.

On the other hand, there is a relationship between diabetes and self-efficacy. One of the important

patterns that builds on the ability of individuals and their needs for self-care is our self-care model.

Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of self-care education program based

on self-care pattern of Orem on self-efficacy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Materials and Method: This was a quasi-experimental study of pre and post type, which was

performed on 42 patients with gestational diabetes mellitus. The data collection tools were

demographic information questionnaire and diabetes self-efficacy scale (CIDS), which were

completed and compared before and after intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS software

version 22

Results: The mean of self-efficacy score was 52.66 ± 5.27 before the intervention, but after the

intervention, the mean score of this score was 77.21 ± 9.13, which can be said to be samples after

participation in Educational sessions have a high level of self-efficacy. Comparison of mean score

of self-efficacy before and after intervention was statistically significant (P = 0.01).

Conclusion: The results showed that using self-care education using Orem self-care model for

GDM patients increases the average performance of all aspects of self-efficacy in these

individuals. According to this, if self-care program implementation can be continued according to

patient's self-care needs and can be tailored to the level of their perception, they can achieve

positive results in the health of these people and help them to improve their health.

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most common chronic metabolic diseases. The crisis provoked by this disease leads to seeking moral support as a coping mechanism. Spiritual well-being is one of the basic concepts associated with handling the problems and tension caused by the disease. Based on former studies, type II diabetes has a negative impact on quality of life. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual health and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 100 patients referring to diabetes clinic of Zabol, Iran, who met the inclusion criteria. Spiritual well-being (SWB) and quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaires were employed for data collection. After completing the questionnaires, the collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS, version 20.

Results: According to the obtained results, the mean score of spiritual well-being was 91.69±10.26, indicating the favorable condition of the patients in this regard. Mean score of quality of life (232.21±43.65) also demonstrated that the participants were in a relatively good state. Furthermore, we found a positive association between quality of life and its subscales and spiritual health and its subscales (P<0.05).

Conclusions: To improve quality of life, developing plans and approaches to promote spiritual well-being of diabetic patients can be beneficial.

Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic hemoglobin disease, one of its characteristics is hyperglycemia, which can cause fatal complications. One of the criteria for diabetic diagnosis and control is fasting blood glucose. On the other hand, the use of traditional herbs for controlling blood glucose has become more common in recent years due to its small side effects. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of barley juice on glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Materials and Method: This was a clinical trial study. 70 subjects who participated in this study were entered into the study by objective sampling method and randomly divided into two groups of users of pill and consumed barberry juice. Glycosylated hemoglobin was initially measured. Then the groups were treated with pill for 6 weeks and barberry juice was added. Data were analyzed by independent t-test and paired t-test in SPSS software version 22.

Results: Based on the results, there was no significant difference between the mean glycosylated hemoglobin group and the barberry juice before the intervention (P = 0.44). Also, after the intervention, there was no significant difference between the mean glycosylated hemoglobin (P = 0.71).

Conclusion: Considering the significant decrease in glycosylated hemoglobin level in each group before and after intervention, plant protection can be recommended and barberry juice is recommended to diabetic patients, thus reducing the complications of this disease

Introduction: Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder and is considered as a risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, nephropathy, hypertension, eye complications, and psychological disorders such as anxiety. Anxiety can negatively affect the patients’ quality of life. One of the non-pharmaceutical methods of relieving the anxiety is using acupressure, which helps to relieve anxiety and its subsequent physiological signs. This study aimed to determine the effect of acupressure on anxiety and quality of life in diabetic patients.

Materials and Method: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 40 patients referred to diabetes clinic in Zabol, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran, using single subject and pre-test-post-test designs. The Spielberger (SF-36) questionnaires of anxiety and quality of life were filled out by the participants and the intervention was done for four weeks. The questionnaires were re-completed after the intervention period. Data analysis performed using SPSS version 22.

Results: The mean scores of anxiety before and after the intervention were reported 111/21±17/72 and 78/91±9/13, respectively. Therefore, significant differences were observed before and after intervention in all aspects (P<0/05). The results indicated the scores of quality of life before and after the intervention about 54/26±12/91 and 69/75±14/72, respectively. Thus, there were significant disparities in patients' quality of life before and after the intervention in all aspects (P<0/05).

Conclusion: The results of this study confirmed that acupressure had a positive effect on relieving anxiety and improving the quality of diabetic patients’ life. Therefore, it is recommended to train the healthcare workers such as nurses about the impacts and ways of administrating this procedure.